The file called .Xdefaults in your home directory is loaded into the X server using the xrdb program when you start your X session. In this file, each X application has a number of options which can be set, such as reverse video, window size, window location, and many others. You can set these options so that they are set every time you start up an application. Avoid blank spaces at the beginning and end of lines in the .Xdefaults file.

The exclamation mark (!) or /*... */ is used to add a comment.

Because this file is loaded once when the X session starts, it is necessary to manually reload it when its contents are modified. This can be done using xrdb, for example,

$ xrdb ~/.Xdefaults

You can change the instance of many X programs by starting them with the -name option. For example, if you start an xterm window by typing xterm -name XT1, then you can specify resources for it in your .Xdefaults file with XT1, for example,

XT1*Background: yellow

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